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How Home Loan Tax Benefits Work
Three (Sometimes Four) Deductions on One Loan
A single home loan can reduce your taxable income through multiple sections at once. Your total tax benefit is the sum of every deduction you qualify for, multiplied by your income tax slab rate:
Sec 24(b): Interest paid, up to โน2,00,000 for a self-occupied home
Sec 80EE: Extra โน50,000 interest โ first home, loan sanctioned FY 2016-17
Sec 80EEA: Extra โน1,50,000 interest โ affordable home, loan sanctioned Apr 2019 โ Mar 2022
Section-by-Section โ What You Can Claim
1. Section 80C โ Principal Repayment
The principal portion of your EMI qualifies for deduction under Section 80C, up to โน1,50,000 per year. Remember this ceiling is shared with your EPF, PPF, ELSS, LIC premiums, children's tuition fees, and other 80C investments โ so if those already use the full โน1.5L, your home loan principal adds nothing extra. Stamp duty and registration charges paid in the year of purchase also qualify under 80C.
2. Section 24(b) โ Interest on Loan
Interest is where a home loan saves the most tax:
- Self-occupied home: Interest deduction is capped at โน2,00,000 per year (โน30,000 if construction isn't completed within 5 years of taking the loan).
- Let-out / rented home: The entire interest is deductible against rental income โ there is no โน2L cap on the deduction itself. However, the resulting "loss from house property" that can be set off against your other income in a year is limited to โน2,00,000. Any excess loss is carried forward for up to 8 years.
3. Section 80EE โ First-Time Buyers (Loan of FY 2016-17)
An extra deduction of โน50,000 on interest, over and above Section 24(b), for first-time home buyers whose loan was sanctioned between 1 April 2016 and 31 March 2017, with loan amount โค โน35 lakh and property value โค โน50 lakh.
4. Section 80EEA โ Affordable Housing (Loan of 2019โ2022)
An extra deduction of up to โน1,50,000 on interest, over and above Section 24(b), for first-time buyers of affordable housing. Conditions: loan sanctioned between 1 April 2019 and 31 March 2022, stamp-duty value of the house โค โน45 lakh, and you are not claiming Section 80EE. Though the window to take such a loan has closed, eligible borrowers can keep claiming 80EEA every year for the life of the loan.
Home Loan Benefits โ Old vs New Regime
| Deduction | Old Regime | New Regime |
|---|---|---|
| 80C โ Principal (โน1.5L) | โ Allowed | โ Not allowed |
| 24(b) โ Interest, Self-Occupied (โน2L) | โ Allowed | โ Not allowed |
| 24(b) โ Interest, Let-Out | โ Full, loss set-off up to โน2L | โ ๏ธ Only against rental income, no loss set-off |
| 80EE โ Extra โน50,000 | โ Allowed | โ Not allowed |
| 80EEA โ Extra โน1.5L | โ Allowed | โ Not allowed |
Because the New Regime strips away almost every home-loan benefit, borrowers with a large interest outgo on a self-occupied property are often better off in the Old Regime. Use our Old vs New Regime Comparator to confirm which one saves you more.
Step-by-Step Calculation Example
Consider Priya, in the 30% tax slab, with a self-occupied home under the Old Regime:
- Principal repaid this year: โน1,80,000
- Interest paid this year: โน3,10,000
- Other 80C already used (EPF + LIC): โน80,000
- Eligible for 80EEA: Yes (affordable home, loan taken in 2020)
How the Deduction is Built:
- Section 80C (Principal): โน1.5L cap โ โน80,000 already used = โน70,000 room. Principal is โน1,80,000, so she claims the full remaining โน70,000.
- Section 24(b) (Interest): Capped at โน2,00,000 for a self-occupied home.
- Section 80EEA (Extra Interest): Interest left after 24(b) = โน3,10,000 โ โน2,00,000 = โน1,10,000. This is within the โน1.5L cap, so she claims โน1,10,000.
Total deduction: โน70,000 + โน2,00,000 + โน1,10,000 = โน3,80,000.
Tax saved: โน3,80,000 ร 30% = โน1,14,000, plus 4% cess = โน1,18,560 for the year.