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Capital Gains Rates — FY 2025-26 (Budget 2024)
| Asset | Holding | Type | Rate | Exemption |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Listed Equity / Stocks | > 12 months | LTCG | 12.5% ↑ Budget 2024 | ₹1,25,000/yr |
| Listed Equity / Stocks | ≤ 12 months | STCG | 20% ↑ Budget 2024 | None |
| Equity Mutual Funds | > 12 months | LTCG | 12.5% | ₹1,25,000/yr |
| Equity Mutual Funds | ≤ 12 months | STCG | 20% | None |
| Property (bought after Jul 23, 2024) | > 24 months | LTCG | 12.5% no indexation | Sec 54 / 54EC |
| Property (bought before Jul 23, 2024) | > 24 months | LTCG | 20% + idx or 12.5% | Sec 54 / 54EC |
| Property | ≤ 24 months | STCG | Slab Rate | None |
| Physical Gold / Silver | > 24 months | LTCG | 12.5% no indexation | None |
| Gold / Silver | ≤ 24 months | STCG | Slab Rate | None |
| Debt Mutual Funds (post Apr 2023) | Any | — | Slab Rate | None |
+ 4% Health & Education Cess on all capital gains tax. Surcharge may apply at higher income levels.
Cost Inflation Index (CII) — All Years
| Financial Year | CII | Financial Year | CII |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY 2001-02 (Base) | 100 | FY 2013-14 | 220 |
| FY 2004-05 | 113 | FY 2015-16 | 254 |
| FY 2007-08 | 129 | FY 2017-18 | 272 |
| FY 2009-10 | 148 | FY 2019-20 | 289 |
| FY 2011-12 | 184 | FY 2021-22 | 317 |
| FY 2012-13 | 200 | FY 2022-23 | 331 |
| FY 2023-24 | 348 | FY 2025-26 | 376 |
Capital Gains Tax — Budget 2024 Full Guide
What is Long Term Capital Gain (LTCG)?
Gains from assets held beyond the minimum period are Long Term Capital Gains. The holding period is 12 months for listed equity & equity MF, and 24 months for property, gold and other assets. LTCG enjoys lower tax rates vs STCG.
₹1.25 Lakh LTCG Exemption — How It Works
For equity shares and equity MF, the first ₹1,25,000 of LTCG in a financial year is completely tax-free (raised from ₹1L in Budget 2024). This is a combined limit across all equity investments — not per stock/fund. LTCG above ₹1.25L is taxed at flat 12.5% with no indexation.
Property Capital Gains — Budget 2024 Change
For properties purchased before July 23, 2024: you can choose (a) 12.5% without indexation or (b) 20% with indexation — whichever gives lower tax. Our calculator compares both automatically. For properties bought after July 23, 2024: only 12.5% without indexation applies.
How to Save Tax on Capital Gains
- Section 54: Reinvest residential property LTCG into another house — full exemption up to reinvested amount
- Section 54EC: Invest up to ₹50L in NHAI / REC bonds within 6 months of sale — exempt up to ₹50L
- Section 54F: For non-residential assets — invest entire sale proceeds into a house (not just gains)
- Harvest equity LTCG: Book up to ₹1.25L gains every year tax-free and rebuy — reduces future gains
- Loss harvesting: Book capital losses before March 31 to offset gains of same year
Set-Off and Carry Forward of Capital Losses
Short Term Capital Loss (STCL) can be set off against both STCG and LTCG. Long Term Capital Loss (LTCL) can only be set off against LTCG. Unabsorbed losses can be carried forward for 8 assessment years, but only if ITR is filed on time (before the due date).